Which of the Following Is an Example of Hindsight Bias

For example a neighbor who thinks dogs are inherently dangerous sees a vicious dog attack an innocent child. Hindsight bias occurs in psychological research when researchers form post hoc hypotheses When a researcher obtains a certain result that is counter to what he or she originally predicted the researcher may use post hoc hypotheses to revise.

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However confirmation bias can influence eyewitnesses to make non-factual assumptions.

. Hostile attribution bias HAB has been defined as an interpretive bias wherein individuals exhibit a tendency to interpret others ambiguous behaviors as hostile rather than benign. People often believe that after an event has occurred they would have predicted or perhaps even would have known with a high degree of certainty what the outcome of the event. For example if a child witnesses two other children whispering they may assume that the children are talking negatively about them.

Hindsight bias also known as the knew-it-all-along phenomenon or creeping determinism is the common tendency for people to perceive past events as having been more predictable than they actually were. Hundreds of wrongful convictions involving confirmation bias by witnesses have been overturned in recent years.

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Cognitive Bias Attentional Bias Cognitive Bias Confirmation Bias Hindsight Bias